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Hypertension

Hypertension

It is commonly known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition in which the force of blood against the walls of the arteries is consistently too high. Blood pressure is measured with two values: systolic pressure (the higher value when the heart contracts) and diastolic pressure (the lower value when the heart is at rest between beats).

A blood pressure reading is considered normal when it is around 120/80 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when the blood pressure consistently exceeds 130/80 mmHg.

Hypertension is often referred to as the "silent killer" because it usually does not cause noticeable symptoms in the early stages

Healthcare providers measure blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

The World Health Organization estimates that globally, over 1.2 billion people ages 30 to 79 have hypertension. About 2 in 3 of those individuals live in low- or middle-income countries.

 

CAUSES

  • Unhealthy eating patterns
  • Lack of physical activity.
  • High consumption of beverages containing alcohol  
  • Tobacco use
  • Being over age 55.
  • Having certain medical conditions, including chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, obstructive sleep apnea or thyroid disease.
  • Obesity
  • Family history of hypertension
  • Sedentary lifestyle
  • High salt intake
  • Stress

 

SYMPTOMS

  • Shortness of breath.
  • Headache.
  • Chest pain
  • Palpitation
  • Anxiety.
  • Dizziness.
  • Nosebleed
  • Vomiting.

 

COMPLICATIONS

 

MANAGEMENT

  • Keep healthy weight
  • Eat a healthy diet.
  • Cut down on salt.
  • Get enough potassium. Some foods high in potassium include bananas, avocados, and potatoes.
  • Exercise.  

 

Sometimes, providers recommend lifestyle changes along with medications to lower your blood pressure. Regular monitoring of blood pressure and adherence to the treatment plan are essential for effectively managing hypertension and promoting overall cardiovascular health. It is essential for individuals with hypertension to work closely with their healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment approach based on their specific health needs and risk factors.