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Sinusitis

Sinusitis

Sinusitis is an inflammation, or swelling, of the tissue lining your sinuses. Sinuses are structures inside the face that are normally filled with air. Bacterial infections, viral infections, and allergies can irritate them, causing them to get blocked and filled with fluid. This can cause pressure and pain in the face, nasal congestion (a stuffy nose), and other symptoms

 

TYPES OF SINUSITIS

  • Acute sinusitis: Symptoms like nasal congestion, drainage, facial pain/pressure, and decreased sense of smell lasting less than four weeks. It’s usually caused by viruses.
  • Subacute sinusitis: Symptoms last four to 12 weeks.
  • Chronic sinusitis: Symptoms last at least 12 weeks. Bacteria are usually the cause.
  • Recurrent acute sinusitis: Symptoms come back four or more times in one year and last less than two weeks each time.

 

SYMPTOMS

  • Postnasal drip.
  • Running nose with thick yellow or green mucus.
  • Stuffy nose.
  • Facial pressure. This might get worse when you move your head around or bend over.
  • Pressure or pain in your teeth.
  • Ear pressure or pain.
  • Fever.
  • Bad breath or a bad taste in your mouth.
  • Cough.
  • Headache.
  • Tiredness.


CAUSES

  • Common cold.
  • Flu
  • Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria.
  • Haemophilus influenza bacteria.
  • Moraxella catarrhalis bacteria
  • Nasal and seasonal allergies

 

RISK FACTORS

  • Nasal allergies.
  • Asthma
  • Nasal Polyps
  • Deviated Nasal Septum
  • A weakened immune system
  • Smoking.

 

DIAGNOSIS

  • Nasal endoscopy
  • Nasal swabs. 
  • Imaging. 
  • Allergy testing. 

 

PREVENTION

  • Rinsing your nose with saline
  • Steps to prevent allergies like avoiding your known allergy triggers like dust, pollen, or smoke.
  • Good hand washing and other habits reduce your risk of getting sick with infectious diseases.
  • Avoiding smoke.